•Advanced, severe, and unstable disease of any type that may interfere with primary and secondary variable evaluations including any medical condition that could be expected to progress, recur, or change to such an extent that it may bias the assessment of the clinical or mental status of the subject to a significant degree or put the subject at special risk.
•Cognitive impairment sufficient to warrant a diagnosis of dementia.
•Met the DSM-IV and NINCDS-ADRDA criteria for AD.
•A clinical diagnosis of AD.
•A DSM-IV Axis 1 diagnosis. However, subjects with current depression are eligible after appropriate treatment of the depressive episode. A minimum of four weeks washout of antidepressant medication should occur prior to screening. Subjects with a prior history of depression (but not currently depressed) are allowed in the study.
•Fewer than four years of formal education.
•A documented history of transient ischemic attacks.
•Baseline MRI findings or CT-scan findings within a year of screening that are consistent with a process other than AD, e.g., stroke, tumor, brain trauma or hydrocephalus, that may contribute to the subject's MCI. Lacunae infarcts present in areas affecting cognition (entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, medial temporal lobe) will also exclude the subject from the study.
•A score of greater than 4 on the Modified Hachinski Ischemic Scale.
•A current diagnosis of any primary neurodegenerative disorder, e.g., Parkinson's disease.
•A current diagnosis of uncontrolled seizure disorder.
•A current diagnosis of active peptic ulceration.
•A current diagnosis of severe and unstable cardiovascular disease.
•A current diagnosis of sick-sinus syndrome or conduction deficits (sino-atrial block, second or third degree atrio-ventricular block).
•A current diagnosis of acute, severe, or unstable asthmatic conditions.
•A known exaggerated pharmacological sensitivity or hypersensitivity to drugs similar to Exelon or to other cholinergic compounds (e.g., pilocarpine, bethanechol, tacrine, velnacrine, donepezil, metrifonate, or physostigmine). Subjects who have experienced elevations in liver function test parameters on other cholinesterase inhibitors are still eligible.
•Taken any of the following substances: An investigational drug during the past four weeks; Metrifonate during the past three months; a drug or treatment known to cause major organ system toxicity during the past four weeks; other cholinergic drugs (e.g., donepezil, tacrine, succinylcholine-type muscle relaxants) during the past two weeks (topical pilocarpine will be permitted); antidepressant medication during the past four weeks.
•Participated in a previous clinical trial of Exelon.
•Clinically important laboratory abnormalities in serum B12, folate, or T3/T4 at screening. The subject should be excluded if peripheral neuropathy, macrocytic anemia, or myxedema is present.
•If screen values do not meet the absolutely exclusionary values given below but are still outside the normal reference range, treatment for folic acid/B12 deficiency or thyroid disorder, as appropriate, may be initiated or adjusted with re-evaluation of the subject within three months. Within these three months of treatment, the subject's cognitive condition must be clinically unchanged or worse for the subject to be acceptable. Once accepted, the subject must remain on the appropriate treatment throughout the study.
•Exclude if T3 uptake is less than 19%; T4 less than 2.9 ((g/dL); free T4 index is less than 0.8
•Exclude if folate less than 1.7 ng/ml (normal range greater than 1.9)
•Exclude if B12 less than 100 pg/ml (normal range greater than 200)
•A positive rapid plasmin reagin test followed up by a positive serological test for syphilis.
•A disability that may prevent the subject from completing all study requirements (e.g., blindness, deafness, severe language difficulty).