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MOTIVATE
Not yet recruitingPhase 4Exercise and Diabetes Interventions to Improve Brain Health in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
Metabolic Optimization and Training InterVentions for Aging and Type 2 Diabetes to Enhance Cognition: the MOTIVATE Study
Lead sponsor
Asset
Semaglutide
Subcutaneous · GLP-1 agonist
Listed sites
1
Recruiting sites
—
Enrollment
164
estimated
Study population
Type 2 diabetes
Key I/E criterion
•Age ≥65
Primary endpoint
•Trail Making Test (TMT) Part A and B
Footprint
Where this trial recruits
Site locations as reported to ClinicalTrials.gov. Site count is not enrollment count; per-site enrollment is not available from source.
Identifiers
Registered as
Timeline
Milestones
Assets
Investigational agents
Study populations
Who this study enrolls
Eligibility
Who can enroll
Inclusion criteria
1. Informed consent obtained before any trial-related activities. Trial-related activities are any procedures that are carried out as part of the trial, including activities to determine suitability for the trial.
2. Community-dwelling
3. Male or female
4. Age ≥ 65 at the time of signing informed consent
5. Glycated hemoglobin levels of ≥7% (i.e., A1c levels high enough to see intervention-related changes and increase eligibility for recruitment, but can exercise safely)
6. Eligible for the Ontario Drug Benefit (inadequate glycemic control and on max tolerated dose of metformin or metformin contraindicated or inappropriate)
7. Score >24/30 on the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE)
8. Score >6/8 on the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL)
9. Have visual acuity of >20/40 with or without corrective lenses
10. Speak and understand English fluently
11. Complete the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q+) and obtain physician clearance to start a supervised exercise program
12. Comfortable with a blood draw
13. Not currently engaging in structured resistance exercise more than once per week
Exclusion criteria
1. Have a medical condition for which semaglutide or exercise is contraindicated
2. Use of a GLP-1 receptor agonist in the past 6 months (i.e., offers removal of Semaglutide from the system as it has a half-life of around 1 week; thus, 8-10 weeks are required for a washout.
3) Have engaged regularly (>1/week) in aerobic or RE within the past 6 months 4) Have a neurodegenerative disease (i.e., dementia) or psychiatric condition 5) Have had untreated depression in the past 6 months (6) Have experienced a recent vascular incident (i.e., stroke, myocardial infarction in the last 6 months.) (7) Have severe peripheral neuropathy, an active foot wound, or severe musculoskeletal/joint disease (8) Active or untreated retinopathy (9) Taking psychotropic medications (excluding those for the treatment of depression)
Endpoints (44)
What's being measured
Protocol endpoints and posted registry outcome measures, grouped into outcome categories. Composite endpoints show their component event types. Standard codes (LOINC, SNOMED CT) are shown where available.
Coverage by outcome category
Weight & body composition
5 endpointsBody Weight
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
Body weight, absolute change (kg)
change from baseline, improvement
Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
ratio, improvement
Total Lean Body Mass (LBM)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
Lean mass
descriptive
Body Fat Percentage (%BF)
Time frame:Baseline (0 weeks), Midpoint (16 weeks), Endpoint (32 weeks)
change from baseline, improvement
Total Fat Mass (FM)
Time frame:Baseline (0 weeks), Midpoint (16 weeks), Endpoint (32 weeks)
Total fat mass
descriptive
Glycemic / diabetes
3 endpointsFasting Blood Glucose (FBG) Measurement
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), Endpoint (Week 32)
Fasting glucose, change
change from baseline, improvement
LOINC 1558-6
Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), Endpoint (Week 32)
HbA1c, change
change from baseline, improvement
LOINC 4548-4
Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
HOMA-IR (insulin sensitivity)
change from baseline, improvement
Heart failure
1 endpointSix-Minute Walk Test
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
6-minute walk distance
change from baseline, improvement
Renal / kidney
1 endpointEstimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
eGFR, change
change from baseline, improvement
LOINC 98979-8
Cardiometabolic biomarkers
5 endpointsLow-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
LDL-C, change
change from baseline, improvement
LOINC 13457-7
High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
HDL-C, change
change from baseline, improvement
LOINC 2085-9
Total Triglycerides (TG)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
Triglycerides, change
change from baseline, improvement
LOINC 2571-8
Total Cholesterol (TC)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
Total cholesterol, change
change from baseline, improvement
LOINC 2093-3
C-reactive protein (CRP)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
hs-CRP, change
change from baseline, improvement
LOINC 30522-7
Other clinical outcomes
22 endpointsTrail Making Test (TMT) Part A and B
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, improvement
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
descriptive, improvement
Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, improvement
Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog-11)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, improvement
Digit Span (Forward and Backward)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, improvement
Stroop Color-Word Test
Time frame:(Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, improvement
Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, improvement
Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, improvement
NIH Toolbox Flanker Task
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
descriptive, improvement
Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, improvement
Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, improvement
Grip Strength Dynamometry
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, improvement
One-repetition maximum (1RM) strength testing
Time frame:Third Exercise Class, Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
descriptive
Mean Cortical Thickness
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0) and Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, improvement
White Matter Fractional Anisotropy (FA)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0) and Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, descriptive
Total Gray Matter & White Matter Volumes
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0) and Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, improvement
Subcortical Gray Matter Volume
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0) and Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, descriptive
White Matter Hyperintensity (WMH) Volume
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0) and Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, improvement
Bone Mineral Density (BMD)
Time frame:Baseline (0 weeks), Midpoint (16 weeks), Endpoint (32 weeks)
change from baseline, descriptive
Gait Velocity (Walking Speed)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, improvement
Stride Time Variability (Coefficient of Variation)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
ratio, improvement
Double Support Time (% of Gait Cycle)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
descriptive, improvement
Other (unclassified)
7 endpointsResting-state functional connectivity
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0) and Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, descriptive
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
concentration, descriptive
Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
concentration, descriptive
Serum Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
change from baseline, improvement
Plasma Neurofilament Light (NfL)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
concentration, descriptive
Plasma p-tau181
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
concentration, descriptive
Amyloid Beta Ratio (beta42/40)
Time frame:Baseline (Week 0), Midpoint (Week 16), and Endpoint (Week 32)
ratio, descriptive
Publications (2)
Bibliography
Records linked to this trial through ClinicalTrials.gov references, PubMed NCT search, and curated study seeds. 'Canonical' marks design/result papers; others are registry references or candidates.
Registry references + supporting bibliography
- Clinical & experimental ophthalmology2026 Apr 22PMID42020100doi:10.1111/ceo.70096via pubmed acronym asset candidate
- medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2025 Jun 4PMID40502555doi:10.1101/2025.06.03.25328908via pubmed acronym asset candidate
Provenance
Sources
Trial facts come from public ClinicalTrials.gov records. Endpoint categories are Delfa's classification of those records, not a ClinicalTrials.gov field. All figures reflect the July 1, 2026 snapshot.