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SAFEGUARD: Pleiotropic Effects of Incretin Based Therapies
A Phase IV, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group Trial to Assess the Effect of 12-week Treatment With the Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist (GLP-1RA) Liraglutide or Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor (DPP-4i) Sitagliptin on the Cardiovascular, Renal and Gastrointestinal System in Insulin-naïve Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM).
Lead sponsor
Assets
Exenatide / GLP-1 / incretin class catch-all / Liraglutide
Listed sites
1
Recruiting sites
—
Enrollment
70
actual
Study population
Healthy volunteers, Obesity / overweight, Type 2 diabetes
Key I/E criteria
•BMI 25-40•HbA1c 6.5-9%
Primary endpoints
•Changes from baseline following infusion of GLP-1RA (acute effects)•EGFR, change•Changes from baseline following 12-week treatment
Footprint
Where this trial recruits
Site locations as reported to ClinicalTrials.gov. Site count is not enrollment count; per-site enrollment is not available from source.
Identifiers
Registered as
Timeline
Milestones
Assets
Investigational agents
Study populations
Who this study enrolls
Eligibility
Who can enroll
Inclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria
For the preceding Pilot study, we will include:
The exclusion criteria for the preceding pilot study are similar to the exclusion criteria of the main study, with the additions of:
Endpoints (6)
What's being measured
Protocol endpoints and posted registry outcome measures, grouped into outcome categories. Composite endpoints show their component event types. Standard codes (LOINC, SNOMED CT) are shown where available.
Coverage by outcome category
Renal / kidney
2 endpointsChanges from baseline following infusion of GLP-1RA (acute effects) and the changes from baseline following 12-week treatment with GLP-1RA or DPP-4i (long-term effects) on Glomerular Filtration Rate, measured by the inulin-clearance technique.
Time frame:12 weeks
eGFR, change
change from baseline, improvement
Changes from baseline following infusion of GLP-1RA (acute effects) and the changes from baseline following 12-week treatment with GLP-1RA or DPP-4i (long-term effects) on the following renal parameters:
Time frame:12 weeks
change from baseline, improvement
Cardiometabolic biomarkers
1 endpointChanges from baseline following infusion of GLP-1RA (acute effects) and the changes from baseline following 12-week treatment with GLP-1RA or DPP-4i (long-term effects) on resting heart rate variability, as derived from electrocardiographic measurements.
Time frame:12 weeks
change from baseline, improvement
Other clinical outcomes
1 endpointChanges from baseline following infusion of GLP-1RA (acute effects*) and changes from baseline following 12-week treatment with GLP-1RA or DPP-4i (long-term effects) on the following gastrointestinal parameters:
Time frame:12 weeks
change from baseline, improvement
Other (unclassified)
2 endpointsChanges from baseline following 12-week treatment with GLP-1RA or DPP-4i (long-term effects) on pancreatic exocrine function, measured as fecal Elastase-1.
Time frame:12 weeks
change from baseline, improvement
Changes from baseline following infusion of GLP-1RA (acute effects) and the changes from baseline following 12-week treatment with GLP-1RA or DPP-4i (long-term effects) on the following cardiovascular parameters:
Time frame:12 weeks
change from baseline, improvement
Publications (6)
Bibliography
Records linked to this trial through ClinicalTrials.gov references, PubMed NCT search, and curated study seeds. 'Canonical' marks design/result papers; others are registry references or candidates.
Registry references + supporting bibliography
- Diabetes & metabolism2021 Sep (month)PMID33429063doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2021.101223via clinicaltrials gov reference derived + pubmed nct search
- Diabetologia2016 Dec (month)PMID27627981doi:10.1007/s00125-016-4100-7via clinicaltrials gov reference derived + pubmed nct search
- Diabetes, obesity & metabolism2016 Dec (month)PMID27451030doi:10.1111/dom.12748via clinicaltrials gov reference derived + pubmed nct search
- Diabetes care2016 Nov (month)PMID27585605doi:10.2337/dc16-1371via clinicaltrials gov reference derived + pubmed nct search
- Diabetologia2016 Jul (month)PMID27038451doi:10.1007/s00125-016-3938-zvia clinicaltrials gov reference derived + pubmed nct search
- BMJ open2015 Nov 19PMID26586327doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009579via clinicaltrials gov reference derived + pubmed nct search
Provenance
Sources
Trial facts come from public ClinicalTrials.gov records. Endpoint categories are Delfa's classification of those records, not a ClinicalTrials.gov field. All figures reflect the July 1, 2026 snapshot.